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What Are Anxiety Disorders? People suffering from anxiety disorders have fears and worries that are out of proportion to a particular situation or, in the case of generalized anxiety disorder, over a wide range of situations. They also experience difficulty in managing these symptoms. The symptoms of anxiety disorders start in the early years of childhood. The reason for this is not known however, genetics and life events may play a part. Symptoms While everyone feels anxious every now and then the constant anxiety and worry that is hard to manage and causes disruption to your daily routine could be a sign of an anxiety disorder. Anxiety disorders can include generalized anxiety (GAD), panic, obsessive compulsive disorder and specific fears. GAD is characterized as overwhelming and uncontrollable anxiety. They may have trouble concentrating and may be constantly concerned about their health, finances or work. Panic disorder is defined as brief, intense moments of discomfort and fear that can happen without warning. Signs of the disorder include chest pain and palpitations, breathing problems or dizziness. People who suffer from phobias have fears of certain objects, situations, or places. Examples include heights, spiders, or enclosed spaces. People with OCD have repetitive, compulsive behaviours as a way to manage their anxiety and reducing the associated feeling of discomfort or tension. Post-traumatic stress disorder is characterized by a difficult time letting go of disturbing, frightening memories. This can trigger nightmares and flashbacks. The causes of anxiety disorders are not completely understood, but they likely involve a combination of factors. There is evidence that suggests that a person's genetics and their environment are both significant. Generalized anxiety disorder, for example is a condition that can be passed down through families. Childhood trauma or stressful experiences can increase the chance of developing an anxiety disorder. People suffering from chronic medical conditions and those who abuse alcohol or other drugs are more likely to have an anxiety disorder. The good news is that the majority of anxiety disorders respond well to treatment. Psychotherapy, also known as talk therapy, as well as medication can help alleviate the symptoms of anxiety disorders. Psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, helps people learn new ways of thinking and reacting that will make them feel less anxious. Anti-anxiety medications and beta-blockers used to treat high pressure can reduce physical symptoms like rapid heartbeat or shaking. A doctor can recommend the right medications and dosages for each person. Early treatment can make anxiety problems less of a problem. Diagnosis The majority of people experience anxiety at some point, for example when preparing a presentation or taking an exam. If the anxiety is persistent and excessive, irrational and affect your daily routine, it may be a sign that you have an anxiety disorder. A mental health specialist can diagnose an anxiety disorder with the help of criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). They will inquire about your symptoms, the time they first began, how long they have been present, whether they are getting worse, and how much they affect your life. They will also look for other conditions that may cause similar symptoms such as thyroid or depression. Different types of anxiety disorders come with different symptoms. Your doctor will determine the type of anxiety disorder causing you problems and create a plan for treatment. This could include medication, psychotherapy or both. Some people are at greater risk of developing an disorder than others. This includes those who have an ancestral history of anxiety or other mental health conditions as well as children who suffer from or witness traumatic events, and those suffering from certain medical conditions, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or sleep apnea. Anxiety is more likely occur in conjunction with other mental or physiological diseases, like depression or cardiovascular disease. People with an anxiety disorder typically have difficulty admitting they have a problem and seeking treatment. This is often due to stigmatization, lack of awareness that anxiety disorders are a treatable disease, or lack of access to treatment. Anxiety disorders can be difficult to treat, but with proper support, most people will get better. Discuss with your doctor how you can manage anxiety and adhere to your treatment program. Make sure to take your medication as prescribed and attend therapy appointments. Also, try to avoid nicotine and alcohol as they can cause your anxiety symptoms to worsen. Be honest with your family and friends about your illness and build a network of people with similar issues. This can help you to deal with the issue and share advice. Include your loved family members in the process and break the cycle by spending more time engaging in things you enjoy, such as sports or other hobbies. Treatment Certain kinds of anxiety disorders can be treated with psychotherapy, medication, and other complementary health practices. Antidepressants and other benzodiazepines are used to combat anxiety. Some people may have to try several different medicines before finding the one that is effective for them. Caffeine, certain over-the-counter and prescription drugs, illegal substances and herbal supplements can increase anxiety symptoms or interact with prescribed medicines. Any changes in the dosage of a drug should be discussed with a doctor. A combination of therapy and medication is often the best option to treat anxiety disorders. Therapy can help you manage your symptoms and work on changing your negative thoughts and beliefs that cause anxiety. It can also help with relaxation and stress-reducing techniques, such as deep muscular relaxation, meditation, and breathing exercises. Treatment for anxiety can include cognitive behavioral therapy, which teaches you new ways of thinking and behaving to reduce anxiety. It can also involve exposure therapy, which is the process of slowly confronting the things that trigger anxiety. It may also incorporate other health-related approaches such as acupuncture exercise and mindfulness. If you are suffering from severe anxiety, a doctor can prescribe a short-term treatment of benzodiazepines, which can be used quickly to reduce your symptoms. If you are expressing suicidal thoughts, you must be evaluated by the emergency department. Medicines can help ease the symptoms of anxiety disorders, however they are not an effective cure. They cannot eliminate the root reason for your symptoms, so they should be taken on a regular basis. Some of the most effective treatments for anxiety disorders mix pharmacotherapy with psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy or exposure therapy. You can reduce anxiety symptoms by regularly exercising, eating healthy foods and drinking alcohol moderately. Smoking cigarettes and getting enough sleep can aid in reducing anxiety. It is crucial to keep social connections and avoid loneliness as loneliness can trigger anxiety symptoms. You can search the ADAA Find-a Therapist database to locate a therapist near you or visit BetterHelp, a service that matches clients with licensed therapists for as low as $49. Prevention Humans are programmed to feel anxiety and fear in certain situations. It is the body's way of preparing for fighting or fleeing from a threat. When these feelings persist and start to interfere with everyday life, they are considered anxiety disorders. Anxiety symptoms can be caused by a myriad of causes such as stress, genetics, environmental trauma, and even the use of drugs. The good news is that a lot of people who have an anxiety disorder can overcome it with the assistance of treatment. The first step is to talk with your primary care provider about your symptoms. Your doctor will examine your condition and, if necessary recommend you to a mental health professional. Psychotherapy and medication are two of the most effective treatments available for anxiety disorders. Talk therapy can help you understand how to manage your emotions and change negative thinking patterns that contribute to your anxiety. Medications may help you reduce your symptoms and help you focus on healthy habits. Antidepressants are among the medications used to treat anxiety. Beta blockers and benzodiazepines are other examples. Relaxation techniques like meditation and deep breathing can aid in reducing anxiety. Avoiding substances like caffeine which can impact your mood could be beneficial. In addition, exercising regularly can lower your stress levels. If you're having difficulty dealing with anxiety Try to meet with friends more often or pick up some new activity to keep your mind off of anxiety. It is important to remember that anxiety disorders typically begin in adolescence or childhood and often be a part of families. People who have experienced an emotional or stressful time in their lives, like abuse as a child, or traumatizing loss, are more at risk likelihood of developing anxiety disorders. The USPSTF recommends screening adults for anxiety disorders, which includes pregnant women and postpartum women. The risk of developing anxiety disorders should be assessed on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the individual risks and benefits. In the absence of guidelines based on evidence regarding screening frequency, doctors should use their judgment as a clinician when assessing the risk factors, comorbidities and life events of patients to determine if additional screening is necessary.